Digraphs 9 words

ph = f

Core Rule

ph = /f/: The letter pair ph represents the /f/ sound in English, mainly from Greek φ (phi), common in academic and technical terms.

Articulation Guide

Lower lip lightly touches upper teeth; steady airflow; no vocal cord vibration.

Word Analysis

  • demographic: graph contains ph, pronounced /f/.
  • nephew: medial ph sounds /f/, not /p/ or /h/.
  • oceanography: ph in -graphy consistently equals /f/.

Pitfall Alerts

Do not split ph into /p/ + /h/; it functions as one sound unit.

Phonics Breakdown

Lower lip to upper teeth, blow air only

Sound Reference

  • Link ph to Greek roots like graph or phone
  • Default to /f/ when you see ph

Common Mistakes

Pronouncing ph as /p/ or /h/
Ignoring fixed /f/ in academic terms

Example Words