dark l

Rule Core

The Dark L (/ɫ/) occurs when l appears at the end of a syllable or after a vowel. Its defining feature is a retracted tongue root, creating a deeper, back resonance, as in foil and girl.

Articulation Guide

Place the tongue tip lightly on the alveolar ridge while pulling the tongue root backward. The lips may round slightly, and airflow passes along the sides of the tongue.

Word Analysis

• foil /fɔɪɫ/: the closing dark L adds a velarized, heavy finish.
• girl /ɡɝːɫ/: r-coloring blends into a sustained dark L.

Pitfalls

Avoid pronouncing final l as a clear, fronted sound.